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There has been a lot of talk about Africa arising in the secular world and spiritual revival in the church world but little clear and practical strategy of how these will come about. Sometimes it feels like the proposed suggestions are for and by the few elite, educated and anointed ones while the rest are supporters and spectators.
Yet a transformed continent demands intentionality and self-sacrifice from every individual.
In the first article of this series, we learnt our people are the greatest resource that unlocks all others. In the second article, we discussed the 5 spirits every African needs to transform Africa and influence the world. In this last article, we dive into the 4 tools or channels we can use to transform our continent.
As a Christian, I believe we’re all here on earth to grow physically, mentally, spiritually and socially so we can serve people and solve a specific problem in society. Jesus Christ served people while on earth and left us an example to follow. Though He is the King Of Kings, He came from heaven to earth and served humanity during the three years of active ministry.
Sadly, service to humanity is now so monetized today that someone would rather spend the day doing nothing than volunteer their time and energy to help those in need without pay. Other people chase promotions, praise and possessions more than doing good, especially to those who can’t repay them.
We should always remember that the downfall of any fellow African is ultimately our collective downfall. Succeeding at the expense of others leads to the stagnation of us all in the long run.
Our continent’s problems are huge but the solutions are available. Each of us needs to play our role and duty in whatever we do with a bigger picture of the transformation of the whole continent.
And we must shed off the destructive practice of greed, selfishness and pride. These three manifestations of sinful human nature are difficult to overcome without the rebirth that comes from believing in the true gospel of Jesus Christ. Even people in first-world countries are experiencing social breakdown, physical ills and spiritual struggles because they have forgotten their Creator.
God warned the nation of Israel about what would happen when they entered the promised land and all was great with them.
He said to them,
“19 “But I assure you of this: If you ever forget the Lord your God and follow other gods, worshiping and bowing down to them, you will certainly be destroyed.
20 Just as the Lord has destroyed other nations in your path, you also will be destroyed if you refuse to obey the Lord your God.” (Deuteronomy 8:19-20)
Don’t you think it’s weird that the created can have the audacity to rebel against its Creator? How can we think we know what’s best for ourselves and our nations yet the Bible says,
“I know, Lord, that our lives are not our own.
We are not able to plan our own course.”
(Jeremiah 10:23)
“Godliness makes a nation great,
but sin is a disgrace to any people.”
(Proverbs 14:34)
What most people don’t realize is that greed, selfishness and pride bring disorder, chaos and confusion in society because everyone is preoccupied with what is in their best interest. As they pursue what they want, they harm or deprive others in the process. That kind of pulling each other down negatively impacts everyone eventually.
We need God. And He is willing to help.
Unfortunately, most of what is called Christianity has little likeness to the true teachings of the Bible. Rather than work hard and follow the principles of the Bible, many Christians desire miracles, signs and wonders that will get them out of their problems first and fast.
Read more about the kind of Christian the world needs today in this article; The Most Wanted Christian Today|Are you One?
No one can transform people’s lives without a heart of compassion and self-sacrifice. We need to genuinely care for those we serve otherwise we may become discouraged, frustrated and bitter when we’re not appreciated or praised even by the very ones we seek to help.
When it was time to deliver the children of Israel from bondage in Egypt, God called Moses. Though He had chosen this man from birth and prepared him for 80 years, Moses asked God,
“Who am I?”, Suppose I go…and they don’t listen?”
Moses felt afraid, inadequate and comfortable with his life then. He had lost the zeal that had pushed him to kill an Egyptian 40 years earlier. He felt he didn’t have what it took to rescue his people from bondage.
But God had it all figured out.
He asked Moses,
“What is that in your hand?”
“A staff,” He replied.
God told him to throw it down and it turned into a snake. Then He told Moses to pick it by the tail. (Exodus 3&4)
God did this to help Moses believe. He used the very staff to do many miracles in the next forty years of Moses’ ministry.
The same question comes to you today, “What is that in your hand?”
God equipped you at birth and through your personality, education and experiences, you’ve got all need to accomplish His purpose and finish His assignments for your life.
What you regard as an ordinary gift or talent, ordinary education and ordinary salary can be a tool in God’s hands to be and do something that can change someone’s life.
God will not judge us by the quantity of our achievements according to the standards of this world but by the quality of our obedience to His Word and faithfulness to the assignment He has given us, no matter how small or big it seems in our eyes.
Here are four practical and useful tools you can use to transform your life and the lives of your fellow Africans;
Talents refer to natural abilities one manifests from birth and childhood like singing, sports, drawing and ability for certain subjects like maths, sciences etc.
Spiritual gifts refer to abilities the Holy Spirit gives a Christian to serve others like pastoring, teaching, hospitality, leadership, evangelizing, giving etc
Skills refer to abilities someone learns through training and practice like playing instruments, decoration, vocational skills etc
Education refers to academic papers from school for a particular career like accounting, medicine, teaching, administration etc.
Experience refers to the exposure and networks someone builds in a specific career over time.
Physical strength refers to what we do using our body to serve others like cleaning the environment, home chores etc.
Note that a person has to develop and sharpen their talents, gifts and skills to become better at them, to serve others and also make money which doing them.
#1: Decide On What You Want To Do With Your Life
Focus in life is essential.
We need to be clear about our specific contribution or assignment in life that inspires us to wake up every day to work.
One proverb says, “Send a boy where he wants to go and you see his best pace.”[1]
I know it’s a journey to get there but we can’t be fully useful unless we commit and discipline ourselves to succeed in a specific area of career or ministry. “If you run after two hares you will catch neither.”[2] African Proverb
Have you discovered the area of work you’d love to focus on for the rest of your life? What problem are you equipped or can equip yourself to solve in the world?
Are you aware of your personality? Not knowing it can frustrate or hinder your progress in life. Learn more about personality tests like the DISC to know more about your strengths and weaknesses in this article 3 Major Benefits Of The DISC For You & Your Organization| Your HR Owes You This Assessment
. #2: Be Competent In What You Do
We work in a competitive and dynamic environment. Those who are less adaptive, proactive and creative will become passive and be left behind.
Therefore, we need the necessary academic papers or skills to accomplish our life’s assignments. We should keep learning new things in line with our career, trade or ministry and find more efficient ways of accomplishing our goals.
#3: Mentor The Youth In Your Area Of Expertise
As we do our work, we should always be mindful of the youth who will continue the work we do and preserve our legacy. Rather than see them as a threat, we should be intentional in mentoring them, passing on the knowledge and experience we’ve accumulated over the years.
In your business, church or any other organization, give internship opportunities and give them skills that will empower them to flourish in the marketplace.
One measure of a leader’s success is the development of leaders who can do what he does and even go further than he has gone. Failure on the other hand is the inability to hand over leadership because no one is ready for it or being forced to hand over and witness the collapse of a company or ministry a person spent all their lives building.
Read more mistakes older leaders make in this article 8 Costly Mistakes Older Leaders Make | Upcoming Leaders Avoid Them NOW
#4: Volunteer To Serve In What You’re Good At
It’s okay to expect payment for goods and services we provide. But since we have a section of people who can’t afford it, in the spirit of servanthood, we can intentionally give our time, goods or services for free or at a reduced price. That is our personal or corporate social responsibility!
Even those who are unemployed can seek opportunities to volunteer rather than waste time on nonstop entertainment, social media, movies and series that add no value to their lives. This will give them priceless exposure, experience and connections.
Read more about networking in this article; The Best Way To Network That Never Fails|4 Tips To Get You Started
Idleness and laziness are the devil’s workshop and killers of destinies. And when one has no work or volunteer opportunities, they can use that time to learn – read books, take a course or develop a hobby.
“Getting wisdom is the wisest thing you can do!
And whatever else you do, develop good judgment.”
(Proverbs 4:7)
Social capital means
+ “the networks of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society, enabling that society to function effectively.”[3]
+“the valueof the relationships between people who work or live together and the knowledge and skills that they have and share”[4]
The biggest problem in relationships between people is selfishness. Naturally, people want to use people to get what they want. It’s okay to have goals and find ways to fulfil our desires but it’s wrong to achieve these goals at the expense or wellbeing of other people.
Relationships matter because everyone matters and deserves to be treated with dignity no matter their skin colour, financial status, religion or tribe. God made us in His image and likeness and loves all people. And even though people rebel against their Creator, nobody is a gone case as long as they are alive.
In God’s plan, healthy relationships begin at home. Strong families build strong people. In families, we learn to value, respect and treat others right.
From the family as the centre, our social capital then grows to people we relate with as we study, work, do business and volunteer.
Read more about building flourishing families in this article, Time is The Currency Of Love|9 Pillars Of Building A Flourishing Family
Sometimes people make the mistake of relating or connecting with those who are in high ranks and despising those who are below. Others stop relating with those they grew up with because of a change in economic status. But none of us knows where anyone will be tomorrow. A wise person treats all people, whether big or small, with dignity.
“Live in harmony with each other.
Don’t be too proud to enjoy the company of ordinary people.
And don’t think you know it all!”
(Romans 12:16)
“Return to old watering holes for more than water; friends and dreams are there to meet you.”[5] African Proverb
We should not value possessions and positions more than people. One of the saddest consequences of corruption and wars on our continent is the suffering and death of innocent people. Many times, those in positions of making decisions don’t consider or care about the negative impact of their decisions on the common person.
The spirit of servanthood demands that we don’t use people for our selfish ends but seize every opportunity possible to serve.
Those with good interpersonal skills build stronger relationships, are happier and serve others better. The social capital they’ve built opens doors into places they could not have accessed on their own.
Religion and politics have great potential to transform or deform the lives of millions in a short time. These two aspects have led to the destruction of properties, economies and bloodshed.
Religious and political leaders influence the thinking and actions of their followers. And because some leaders don’t have the best interests of the people at heart, they manipulate and use them for their own gain.
In fact, false religion and corrupt governments often have a symbiotic relationship. Politicians need religious leaders for endorsement, spiritual powers for protection and success and support for their policies. That’s why politicians relate with all religions in a nation and are sometimes reluctant to interfere even in the face of injustice.
On the other hand, false religious leaders need politicians for money, protection and connections. No wonder some religious leaders have government cover and no matter what evils they do, they’re rarely prosecuted.
Such a relationship makes evil thrive. Ideally, politicians and religious leaders should be accountable to each other, correct each other and support each other to serve people. Sadly, bad things happen when politics and religion marry. Only Jesus Christ can manage both because He is King and Priest.
Notice that false religion and compromised government always persecute true religion. In the Bible, they persecuted and killed true prophets and ministers because they spoke truth to them. Even the crucifixion of Jesus Christ happened because the religious leaders falsely accused Jesus and the Roman government approved his death because it feared the revolt of the people. Both had no fear of God.
Therefore, as Africans, we must be alert, informed and ready to refuse and withdraw our endorsement and support from leaders who lack the spirit of servanthood. We may not always have the power to get what we want from bad leaders, but when it’s in our power to vote, let’s vote for the leaders who have the qualities we need.
And when we go to church or any other religion we subscribe to, let us not blindly follow leaders who take advantage of us and rob us of our time, money and truth. When the lives and leadership of church leaders contradict the life and leadership of Jesus Christ whom they claim to serve and imitate, it’s time to have nothing to do with them. This calls for knowledge of the truth and courage for a Christian.
Read more about the signs of false ministers and how to deal with them in these two articles; 8 Signs Of True Vs False Men Of God|Share Not Their Judgement and 6 Stops To Guard Against False Men of God|Escape Before It’s Too Late
I’m afraid most Africans expect a supernatural transformation through a political or religious leader who will solve all our problems. And because we’re accommodative and superstitious, we’re quickly deceived by the rhetoric of our leaders and fail to see behind their words, discern their motives and examine their actions.
We have witnessed politicians who enrich themselves, their families and their tribes. Some men of God are no different. Ministry is a lucrative business to fill their bellies as they deceive their followers. Such leaders are charlatans and wolves in sheep’s clothing yet people keep flocking to them because they need their favours, fortunes and fortifications.
Jesus spoke about blind leaders leading the blind into a pit. (Matthew 15:14) This has been and is the plight of many Africans. Sadly, many of the rogue leaders are untouchable because of their powerful connections. Rather than waste our energy fighting them, let us partner with leaders who care and start initiatives that improve the lives of our communities.
Other times we expect white people to come rescue us or we migrate to their countries to seek a better life only to realize not all of them respect our dignity or care about our wellbeing.
We’ve put so much faith and hope in human beings – politicians and men of God – yet they can’t save us. Most of these men are so overwhelmed, they too are powerless before the mountain of problems before them that they somehow resign us to our fate as they enjoy the spoils of their positions.
Other times the common person fears men and women in positions of authority and this may lead us to do evil things we don’t want to please them.
If you’re a Christian, never let a man or woman – spouse, apostle, prophet, politician, boss – take your focus off Jesus Christ. All people die and are forgotten but Jesus lives forever, reigns forever and only before Him shall every knee bow and confess He is Lord.
Only God deserves reverence, submission and total trust.
“Fearing people is a dangerous trap,
but trusting the Lord means safety.”
(Proverbs 29:25)
“Don’t put your trust in mere humans.
They are as frail as breath.
What good are they?”
(Isaiah 2:22)
Stop Blaming God & The Government
It’s common to hear citizens crying to their governments to help them address their problems. Others spend days and nights in prayers and overnights fasting and asking God to turn things around.
But for the majority, the government can’t help and God seems silent.
It’s time we stop blaming and trying to use the government or spiritual means of any kind to solve our problems.
Physical or economic problems don’t need spiritual solutions. Traditionally, we thought gods were responsible for the failure of crops, bareness and diseases yet we didn’t have access to education, medicines or modern ways of commercial farming and irrigation.
Today, a Christian farmer can fail because they don’t know modern ways of farming and blame Satan or witchcraft. And when their nonbelieving but informed neighbour thrives, they’ll say the person went underwater to get powers to succeed. Such strongholds of spiritualizing everything works against us.
Before we ask what the government or church can do for us, we must examine our ways and do our part. Are we working hard and smart? Are we competent or skilled in what we do? Are we working as a team? Do we care for each other and support each other’s businesses? Are we honest in our business dealings?
My warning is this; never put your total trust in politics or religion. Innocent people have lost their livelihoods and even died because they became fanatics of political and religious leaders.
Stand for God. Stand for truth. But don’t sacrifice your life for any human being – pastor, president, employer, member of parliament, apostle or president.
Let’s Not Allow Religion & Politics To Divide Us
Never let religion or politics become a wall that separates you from your African brothers and sisters. Why must we hate and shed each other’s blood over political parties or religious beliefs?
“When elephants fight, it is the grass who suffers.”[6] Africa Proverb
Religion and politics are like being a football fan. No matter who wins or loses, the outcome doesn’t put food on the tables of most people, though it does for the players. In the same way, political and religious winners with bad intentions become rich from the sweat of the majority who give their tithes, offerings and taxes.
Millions in our continent have died and are still dying in civil wars, genocides and other forms of killings at the hands of fellow Africans. Other millions are part of religious cults that promise them heaven on earth (health, wealth and success) while taking their money and stealing their time in the name of ministry.
Are we not a family? Should we be cheating and killing each other over power, positions and possessions? Material things can be got and lost but lives that are destroyed are impossible to restore and replace.
Read more about God’s warning to thieves; God’s Serious Warning To Small & Big Thieves|What Sorrow Awaits You!
We should never forget that violence and bloodshed breed more violence and bloodshed. According to the Bible, a Christian should submit to governing authorities and suffer injustice or go into exile rather than rebel and take arms against the government which leads to the loss of human lives and many times without the change they hoped for.
Such a Christian has understood the kingdom of God is nothing compared to the kingdoms of this world. Submission and praying for wicked governments is not easy but it’s necessary. (Romans 13:1-7)
Fighting the government as a person is forgetting the African proverb that says, “Whether the knife falls on the melon or the melon on the knife, the melon suffers.”[7]
Read more about the duties of government officials; Love Or Hate Them|God Appoints Government Officials For 5 Divine Duties
When someone has the calling, responsibility and authority to speak and fight injustice or a certain evil, they have to do it even when it means risking their lives. And when they don’t have any of the above, it’s wise to keep quiet and pray for them in private.
Prophet Amos wrote,
“So those who are smart keep their mouths shut, for it is an evil time.”
(Amos 5:13)
And Apostle Paul said,
“Make it your goal to live a quiet life, minding your own business and working with your hands, just as we instructed you before.”
(1 Thessalonians 4:11)
Every time you’re disappointed with world affairs, remember this; God is in control. He knows the past, present and future. His purposes prevail. And now that we’re here, let’s do His will in our generation before we exit and the world moves on.
Prophet Daniel said,
“…Praise the name of God forever and ever,
for he has all wisdom and power.
He controls the course of world events;
he removes kings and sets up other kings.
He gives wisdom to the wise
and knowledge to the scholars.”
(Daniel 2:20-21)
I’ve also learnt that change of government doesn’t always change the lives of the common person in significant ways unless there is radical change in systems, policies and strengthening of the institutions of power. That takes time and great commitment from those in charge.
We need to promote peace as much as possible. Without peace, we’re all doomed.
“God blesses those who work for peace,
for they will be called the children of God.” (Matthew 5:9)
“Peace is costly but it is worth the expense.”[8] African Proverb. The expense of bloodshed is more costly because the consequences are passed on to the next generation.
If you are a religious or government leader, God has put you in that position of authority and entrusted you with a great responsibility to serve His people. One day you’ll give an account to Him for every word you said and every decision you made. It may not be easy to stand for truth, justice and equality, but God’s wisdom, strength and protection are available for you to do your work. So be strong and courageous.
If you’re a Christian, you know life on earth is not the end. In fact, this life is simply a rehearsal of the millennial kingdom that awaits us where we shall reign with Christ on earth for a thousand years. In that time, for the first time since the fall of man, nations will be ruled with justice, peace and righteousness. Will you be among the number that will reign with Christ? Is your name in the Book Of Life?
Africa has great potential for economic transformation. We’re blessed with the natural resources, the land and the labour.
But to harness all these resources, we must change our mindset about money, business and handling possessions.
Find out the resources each of us has to steward in this; article Money Reveals True Self & Spiritual State|9 Resources You Must Steward
Overcome The Fisherman Mentality
The fisherman mentality eats all the fish caught today because it’s assured of catching more fish tomorrow. Daily or monthly earnings are consumed as soon as earned and little or nothing is saved for the future.
Traditionally, farmers kept seeds for the next season of planting which is a great thing but most farmed to take care of their families not for commercial purposes.
This African proverb shows we know something about planning; “Tomorrow belongs to the people who prepare for it today.”[9] We need to apply this wisdom in our days.
For instance, we hold lavish weddings and big funerals but are very slow to raise money to help each other start businesses or acquire assets. Like the community of drunkards, some of us can’t give others cash that would help them develop but we can buy them a whole crate of beer or food and enjoy it together.
Read more signs of poverty mentality in this article; POVERTY MENTALITY|10 Signs You Might Be Materialistic
I’ve also observed an obsession with quick deals. Some people are always chasing that one deal or expecting that one miracle that will change their family’s fortune for life. This leads them to gambling, investing in get-rich-quick schemes, getting involved in corrupt deals, engaging in witchcraft or giving in a church with the sole purpose of quick, easy and lasting gain.
Note that the avenues I’ve just mentioned all promise a high return as long as the desperate and unsuspecting people invest what they have first. It’s all a gamble because the majority lose the little they had to enrich the very few who are greedy.
It’s unfortunate that even in some churches, Christians are told to tithe, give seeds and help the poor as a means of attracting God’s blessing and favour. Didn’t the Bible warn us saying these men “in their greed they will make up clever lies to get hold of your money.” (2 Peter 2:3) because “…They are well trained (experts or professionals) in greed.” (2 Peter 2:14, emphasis mine)
Rather than be deal-minded, let’s be business-minded by selling goods and services. Rather than focus on being brokers who earn commissions for life, let’s think of ways to produce our goods and services.
We need to learn to build flourishing businesses and institutions step by step with proper structures, systems and processes that will flourish and last through generations.
Our indiscipline in personal finances flows into the way we run the finances of our companies, churches and countries. Some churches don’t even give financial accountabilities to their members and yet the faithful members keep giving without asking. Is that good stewardship on the part of members?
Some companies struggle to keep proper books of accounts and this affects not only tax collection but also the growth of businesses because owners don’t have organized data for analysis and decision-making.
Meanwhile, some governments are digging their nations deeper into debt to foreign nations and organizations yet some of the money is embezzled and shared among a few individuals. Such things are enemies of our economic progress.
Today the world runs on debt. Individuals, companies, churches and countries depend on loans to grow yet the lenders enslave, control, steal and manipulate the borrowers. Certain huge projects do need loans to take off but we should have the capacity to repay them first.
On an individual level, we should avoid consumer debt that encourages people to live beyond their means. Why insist on becoming a slave to the lender?
“Just as the rich rule the poor,
so the borrower is servant to the lender.”(Proverbs 22:7)
Generosity Is Crucial
Are you ready to steward lots of riches without destroying yourself?
Because of the financial issues we’ve got ourselves into, some of us can’t generously give to those in need as we’d wish. That’s why our orphans, widows and refugees depend on foreigners and their NGOs to take care of them.
My heart breaks to see people live in lavish luxury – posh cars, mansions, label clothes, constant parties and daily eating out – yet their relatives or neighbours can’t afford the basics like food, shelter, clothes and medical care. Is such selfishness pleasing to God who blesses us to be a blessing?
It’s a shame to see rich people in cities who forget or ignore their relatives and villagers. Some build huge houses in their village that only servants occupy but do nothing or little to solve the problems of those villages. Who do they wait for to build or support local schools, provide medical facilities and water and even create jobs? The government? The white people? Who?
I think most of us give crumbs and coins of our money to appease our conscience. But we should be more intentional in our giving than accumulating more wealth for ourselves. Those with means should start foundations that help particular people and the rest of us can support them as they solve a specific problem in our society.
Handouts of food to the hungry are not a sustainable solution. Rather than give money to consume, we should help others start income-generating projects that will help them provide for their families. Any business or church can pool resources together and train the poor to start such projects, one person at a time.
And to us professionals who offer services and manufacture goods, let us give or donate at least 10% of our products and services to those who can’t afford them. Let us give back to our people and offer pro bono services to those who need them.
Something else we need to consider is collaboration in business. Rather than each of us starting a small business or organization that does similar things, we can work together or support each other in different ways. This requires great teamwork and leadership but it’s possible.
Whenever we support someone who is making a difference in our community, their success is our success.
Buy African Goods & Services
We are blessed with many natural resources we can process and distribute all over the world. We should add value to whatever we have and promote what we produce. Let’s start small and support each other’s businesses. That’s why we must produce quality products and services that can compete internationally.
That requires giving each other honest feedback on what we do. If a service or product of a fellow African is not up to standard, inform them and if you can help them improve, do it.
And those in charge of our economic policies need to protect our producers and push for better deals with countries outside the continent. It’s a pity that Africa imports petty things like matchboxes, toothpicks and tissues among others that we can easily produce. But again, local entrepreneurs can’t succeed without the support of conducive policies.
Another challenge is selling our land rather than using it to produce. Foreigners who have seen the value of what we have are using our land and repatriating profits back to their countries or taking our raw materials at low prices and making billions while the hardworking farmers are languishing in poverty.
We must treasure our land. Get a title for your land. Even in death, your land can still serve the purpose you want it to serve long after you’re gone. If possible, title it in the names of a company, trust or foundation and give specific instructions about its purpose so no one will just sell it.
Africans at home and abroad have endured injustices, diseases, exploitation, colonization, discrimination and wars among others. But we should not let such issues and setbacks make us bitter and belittled or live like victims.
No matter what happens around us, we must remember our dignity as human beings and our identity as children of God. We must value every human life and seize every opportunity to serve each other.
We can change our story one African at a time.
As Pass On Leadership Africa our contribution to Africa is training, mentoring and coaching our people, with a special focus on the youth.
We develop resources and curriculums of life skills like personal life skills, people skills, sex smart skills, personal finance skills, public speaking skills, business skills, professional skills and leadership skills that complement academic studies and vocational training.
Our current project is raising money to set up a commercial printing house to publish our resources but also engage in business to sustain what we do.
Our MISSION is to equip, mentor and coach Christian leaders and youth workers to facilitate the holistic transformation of the youth so they can thrive, serve and drive forward their churches, companies, communities and countries.
Our VISION is to see a movement of passionate trainers transforming the lives of the youth everywhere.
Please pray with us. We need God’s wisdom, provision and grace to train trainers and raise funds to accomplish the ministry He has entrusted to us. To learn more about how you can participate and invest in our work, please visit our Support page.
If you’d like to be trained and join our team of trainers, Register HERE.
Thank you for reading this article. I welcome your comments and questions below – as iron sharpens iron, let’s sharpen each other.
Get in touch with us at info@passonleadershipafrica.org or WhatsApp +256 775 585708
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Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
[1] https://www.listofproverbs.com/source/a/african_proverb/62719.htm. Accessed 3/4/2024
[2] https://www.listofproverbs.com/source/a/african_proverb/62705.htm. Accessed 3/4/2024.
[3] https://web.archive.org/web/20200411204827/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/social_capital
[4] https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/social-capital
[5] https://www.listofproverbs.com/source/a/african_proverb/62716.htm. Accessed 04/03/2024
[6] https://www.listofproverbs.com/source/a/african_proverb/62734.htm. Accessed 04/03/2024
[7] https://www.listofproverbs.com/source/a/african_proverb/62740.htm. Accessed 04/03/2024
[8] https://www.listofproverbs.com/source/a/african_proverb/62714.htm. Accessed 04/03/2024
[9] https://www.listofproverbs.com/source/a/african_proverb/62696.htm. Accessed 04/03/2024
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